Izinsizakalo Zezitshalo Ze-Asphalt Ezisetshenziswa Kanjani Nge-RAP Zinciphisa Izindleko Ngaphandle Kokudela Ikhwalithi?

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani ama-DOT amaningi kanye nabaphangi abazimele besebenzisa i-Google "izinsizakalo zezitshalo ze-asphalt ezisetshenziswa kabusha ze-rap" ngo-2 ekuseni? Impendulo emfushane ilula: isabelomali siyancipha, amanani ahlanganisiwe asezingeni eliphezulu, futhi izilinganiso zokusimama manje zinyatheliswa kuyo yonke imibiko yonyaka. Impendulo ende - futhi ethakazelisa kakhulu - ingcwatshwe endleleni izitshalo zesimanje ezisingatha ngayo i-asphalt pavement (RAP) ebuyiselwe ngaphandle kokuguqula uhambo lwakho olubushelelezi lube umkhosi wemigodi.

Okokuqala, Yini Ebhekwa Njenge-RAP?

I-RAP akuyona nje "izinto ezindala ezimnyama" ozisebenzisayo emgwaqweni omkhulu. Ingxube elawulwa kahle ye-asphalt binder endala kanye nama-aggregate asezingeni eliphezulu asevele efakazele ukuthi angasinda iminyaka eminingi yezimoto kanye nemijikelezo yokuncibilika. Lapho osonkontileka bekhuluma ngezinsizakalo zezitshalo ze-asphalt ezixutshwe ne-rap, bakhuluma ngempela ngochungechunge lwezinqubo - ukugaya, ukuhlukaniswa, ukuhlola, ukuhlanganisa, ukufudumala kabusha, kanye nokubeka phansi - okunikeza le migwaqo elahliwe impilo yesibili. Iqiniso elijabulisayo: imayela elilodwa lomgwaqo omkhulu wasedolobheni onemizila emine lingakhipha cishe amathani ayi-18,000 e-RAP. Lokho cishe kungamaloli ayi-1,200 agcwele izinto ezicela ithuba lesibili.

Kungani Kuphuthuma Okungazelelwe Kuma-40%, 50%, Ngisho ne-100% RAP Mixes?

Ake sixoxe ngezinombolo ezenza abaphathi bezezimali bamomotheke. I-Virgin binder iyodwa ibiza kufikela ku-60% wezindleko zezinto zokwakha ze-asphalt mix. Shintsha i-RAP engu-40% bese usususile cishe u-24% waleyo nto ngaphambi kokuba iloli lokuqala libuyele epaver. Yenza lokho endaweni yokuvuselela engamathani ayi-100,000 phakathi kwezifundazwe futhi sikhuluma ngokonga imali esenyakatho yesigidi samaRandi. Yebo, izibalo eziyisikhombisa.

Kodwa izindleko ziyingxenye yendaba kuphela. Ama-ejensi manje athola ababhidi ngokubheka i-carbon footprint, futhi izifundazwe eziningana—ezikubhekayo, iColorado neCalifornia—zinikeza ukwehliswa kwentengo yebhidi uma ufinyelela imigomo yokusimama. NgesiNgisi esilula: phinda usebenzise okuningi, wina umsebenzi owengeziwe, futhi khulisa inzuzo yakho ngaphandle kokulola ipensela yakho kuzo zonke ezinye izinto zebhidi.

Ngaphakathi Kwesitshalo: Indlela Izinsizakalo Zezitshalo Ze-Asphalt Ze-RAP Ezisebenzisa Kabusha I-Hot Mix Ezikhipha Ngayo Umlingo

1. Ukuchoboza Nokuhlola I-RAP Ngokunembile

Izingcezu ezingahleliwe ngeke ziyinqume. Izinsizakalo zesimanje zicindezela i-RAP zibe yizilinganiso eziqinile zobukhulu obuphezulu—ngokuvamile i-½ in. (12.5 mm)—bese ziyihlunga zibe yizingcezu okungenani ezimbili. Ama-overs abuya ukuze adlule futhi; ama-mids abika ezitsheni zokudla okubandayo. Lesi sinyathelo sodwa sikhulisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwesitshalo ngo-15% futhi sigcina izikhalazo "zomusi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" ezivela komakhelwane zingangeni.

2. Izinhlelo Zokomisa Ngokuhambisana Nokugeleza Kwegesi vs. Izinhlelo Zokugeleza Okuphambene Nokugeleza Kwegesi

Ama-drum amadala ahambisanayo ashisa i-RAP ekugcineni kwesishisi, enza i-oxidize i-binder futhi enze ingxube ibe buthakathaka. Izitshalo zesizukulwane esisha zokugeleza eziphikisanayo zethula i-RAP phansi komfula, kude nomlilo ongenalutho. Umphumela: i-binder endala ihlala isebenza, futhi ingxube yakho ephinde yasetshenziswa igcina ukumelana kokuqhekeka okuphansi okudingayo, ake sithi, eMinnesota February.

3. Imijovo ye-“Rejuvenator” ye-Virgin Binder

Nansi ingxenye epholile: onjiniyela bafaka ama-rejuvenator anjiniyela—ngezinye izikhathi asekelwe ku-bio, ngezinye izikhathi axube amafutha anuka kamnandi—ku-0.3% kuya ku-0.6% ngesisindo sengxube. La makhemikhali aphinda alinganise ama-asphaltene nama-maltene, abuyisele ukuqina kwawo ukuze ingxube ephinde yasetshenziswa isebenze njengeresiphi engu-100%. Cabanga ngakho njengosuku lwe-spa lwama-molecule e-asphalt akhathele.

4. Izinzwa Zesikhathi Sangempela Ze-NIR kanye Nezinga Lokushisa Le-Gamma

Izitshalo ezifanele usawoti wazo manje zifakela izikena eziseduze kwe-infrared (NIR) ngaphezu kwebhande kanye nezitholi ze-gamma ngaphakathi kwesigubhu. Lawa ma-gizmos afunda okuqukethwe kwe-binder, umswakama, kanye nokushisa njalo ngemizuzwana engama-30, amasango okudla asebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo kanye nophethiloli wokushisa. Ukuhumusha: ingxube ehambisanayo, imithwalo embalwa enqatshiwe, kanye nokushaya ucingo ngo-3 ekuseni okuvela kumphathi wephrojekthi othukuthele.

Isithombe Secala: I-Pennsylvania Turnpike 2022 Overlay

Esikhundleni sokuthutha amatani angu-62,000 e-RAP aye endaweni yokulahla udoti, i-turnpike authority yasihla, yasihudula, yasibuyisela emuva, yasiphinda yasebenzisa u-94% wayo yayifaka endaweni embozwe nge-modulus ephezulu. Umhlinzeki wezinsizakalo zezitshalo ze-asphalt ezisebenzisa kabusha i-rap waqinisekisa impilo yokukhathala yeminyaka eyi-12, kodwa ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwe-rutting sekuvele kukhombisa ukusebenza okulingana ne-virgin SMA—ngentengo yeyunithi ephansi ngo-28%. Abakhokhi bentela bonge u-$3.4 million kanye namathani angu-3,900 e-CO₂. Akukubi emsebenzini wosuku.

Kodwa Ingabe Ama-High-RAP Mix Ahlala Njalo Ngempela?

Ukungabaza kunempilo. Isihluthulelo ukwakheka kwengxube okulinganiselayo: ukucubungula okuhlakaniphile okulinganayo ngezingxenye ezilinganayo, ukuxubana okunembile kwe-binder, kanye nokulawula ikhwalithi eqinile. Uma lawo mabhokisi ehlolwa, idatha yethrekhi ye-National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) ikhombisa ukuthi ama-RAP mixes angu-50% angalingana nokumelana nokuqhekeka kwama-rut kanye nokubekezelela ukuqhekeka kwama-virgin mixes. Ukuhumusha: umgwaqo wakho ngeke uqhekeke ngaphambi komjikelezo wokhetho olandelayo.

Amathiphu Amathathu Asheshayo E-QA Kwabacacisi

• Isilinganiso sothuli lwe-CAP esingu-1.6 ukuze kugwenywe ukuxubana okuqinile okuqhekeka ngaphansi kokucindezeleka kokushisa.
• I-Demand virgin binder grade bump (isb., PG 64-22 kuya ku-PG 58-28) lapho i-RAP idlula u-30% ezindleleni zangaphezulu.
• Phikelela kudatha yokuqina kwe-gyratory enikezwe yinkontileka kwa-Ninitial, Ndesign, kanye ne-Nmax ukuze kutholakale izingxube ezithambile kusenesikhathi.

Ukukhetha Umlingani Ofanele Wezinsizakalo Zezitshalo Ze-Asphalt Zokuvuselela I-Rap

Akuzona zonke izingubo ezinezitsha ezimbalwa zokudla okubandayo ezingamelana ne-50% RAP ngaphandle kokuguqula ingxube yakho ibe yi-braai enomusi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Bheka:

1. Irekhodi Eliqinisekisiwe: Cela amaphrojekthi e-DOT angaphambilini ane-RAP engu-≥40%. Uma bengakwazi ukukhombisa idatha ye-QC emuva eminyakeni emihlanu, qhubeka nokuhamba.
2. Izinqwaba Ezihlanganisiwe: Izitshalo ezigcina izingxenyana ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ze-RAP zikunikeza ukulawula okuqinile kanye nomthamo ongcono.
3. Uhlelo Lokufaka I-Rejuvenator: Amaphampu alinganisiwe, amamitha okugeleza, kanye namathangi alinganisiwe kufakazela ukuthi awagcini nje ngokuchitha uwoyela ongcolile esigubhini.
4. Izimvume Zemvelo: Izithambisi-moya ezishisayo, izindandatho zokubamba umusi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanye neziqaphi ze-opacity zesikhathi sangempela zikugcina usehlangothini olufanele lokuhlolwa kwe-EPA.

Iphuzu Eliyinhloko: Ukuvuselela i-RAP Akuyona Imfashini—Kuwukusekela Impilo Yezezimali

Phakathi kwamanani kawoyela aguquguqukayo, ukushoda okuphelele, kanye nemithetho yezemvelo eqina njalo, osonkontileka abangazinaki izinsizakalo zezitshalo ze-asphalt ezisebenzisa kabusha i-rap banikeza umsebenzi olandelayo kubancintisani abahlakaniphile. Ngakho-ke, usukulungele ukuvikela ibhidi lakho elilandelayo esikhathini esizayo? Thola umklami wakho we-mix efonini, ubuze abalingani bezitshalo abangaba khona ngohlu lokuhlola olungenhla, bese ubheka inzuzo yakho ngethani ikhuphuka ngenkathi inani lakho le-carbon lehla. O, futhi ngesikhathi esizayo othile ekutshela ukuthi i-asphalt esetshenziswa kabusha "isilinganiso sesibili," vele umomotheke bese umbonisa izinombolo ze-Pennsylvania Turnpike. Lokho kuvame ukubathulisa ngokushesha.