Isityalo seAsphalt sisebenza njani kwaye sihlale sinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo?

Wakha Wazibuza Ukuba Kwenzeka Ntoni Emva Kwesi Sixa?

Ngalo lonke ixesha uhamba ngenqanawa kwindlela entsha egayiweyo, uqhuba imoto phezu kwefektri encinci yeekhemikhali eyayikhe yaduma kwi-180°C. Kodwa isityalo se-asphalt sisebenza njani, kwaye kutheni abakhi, abatyali-mali, okanye abahambi abacinga ngendalo kufuneka bakhathalele? Hlala ubukele—ekupheleni kwale ncwadi imfutshane uya kuba nakho ukuhamba uye nakweyiphi na indawo yomsebenzi kwaye uthethe ngokungathi yindawo yakho.

Ukuhamba komsebenzi okungundoqo: Ukusuka kwi-Aggregate ukuya kwi-Hot-Mix

Entliziyweni yaso, isityalo se-asphalt sisivumelwano esichanekileyo sobushushu, ikhemistri, kunye nefiziksi yoomatshini. Ulandelelwano luhlala lufana:

1. Iibhini zokutya ezibandayo zikhupha ii-aggregates (ilitye, isanti, i-RAP) kwi-conveyor yebhanti ngokwemilinganiselo emiselweyo.
2. Isikrini sokusika iintsimbi ezininzi sitsala ilitye elikhulu kakhulu liphume—ewe, “ngaphandle” yindlela abantu bezityalo abasitsho ngayo—ngaphambi kokuba lifike kwidrama.
3. Isixhobo sokomisa esijikelezayo sinyusa ubushushu obupheleleyo bufikelele kwi-±160°C ngelixa isitshisi sitshisa amalangatye ixesha elide kunebhasi yesikolo.
4. Ilifti eshushu iphakamisa izinto ezomileyo izise phezulu kwinqaba apho iwa khona kwiidekhi ezikhuselayo nakwiibhini ezishushu.
5. Ibhitumene ipompelwa kwiitanki ezigqunyiweyo ize ifakwe nge-spray bar; i-filler (ilime, isamente) iyalinganiswa ukuze ilungise i-viscosity.
6. I-Pugmill okanye i-twin-shaft mixer idibanisa yonke into kangangemizuzwana emithandathu kuphela—ixesha libalulekile kuba i-asphalt iqina ngokukhawuleza.
7. Ii-silos ezikhupha umthwalo zigcina umxube oshushu ogqityiweyo de kufike iilori, nto leyo egcina isityalo sisebenza ngendlela ezinzileyo endaweni yokuma.

Utshintsha ukusuka kwibhetshi ukuya kwi-continuous? Akukho xhala. Izityalo ezixutywe nee-drum zisonga amanyathelo ama-3-6 kwi-drum enye ende, zitshintsha ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweresiphi ukuze zivelise i-ton ephezulu ngeyure engama-20%.

Izinto Eziphambili Akukho Mntu Uthetha Ngazo

1. Ikhola yeRAP

I-asphalt pavement ephinde yafunyanwa (i-RAP) ayilahlwa nje kuphela; ingena ngekhola ephakathi kwedrum apho i-virgin aggregate esele ishushu ukuya kwi-180 °C ivutha umswakama ngaphandle kokutshisa i-bitumen endala. Ishushu kakhulu kwaye ufumana umsi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka; ipholile kakhulu kwaye ufumana ingxolo enamathelayo, engadibaniyo.

2. Indlu yeengxowa kunye nokubanjwa kwesibini

Emva kokuba igesi yokukhupha umoya iphume kwidrama, i-pulse-jet baghouse traps ifikelela kwi-1 micron. Izityalo zanamhlanje zifaka i-activated carbon okanye i-lime slurry kwi-nail polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ii-PAH). Isiphumo: i-stack opacity engaphantsi kwe-10%, edlula uninzi lweetshimini zekofu eziroaster.

3. Isigqubuthelo sobushushu seSilo esikhutshwayo

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba ezinye ii-silos zikhanya kancinci ebusuku? Ingubo egqunyiweyo ijikeleza ubushushu obuqokelelweyo ijikeleze ikhowuni yesilo, ithintela "iindawo ezishushu" ezikhupha i-bitumen kwaye ziguqule umxube wakho obizayo ube yi-popcorn ebuthathaka.

Ukuphelisa iNtsomi kwiNdalo

“Izityalo ze-asphalt zizidalwa ezikhupha umsi.” Loo mgca sele ukho kwiminyaka yoo-1970. Ukususela oko uvavanyo lwe-EPA Method 9 lwaba yinto eqhelekileyo, ukukhutshwa okuqhelekileyo kwe-emissions ngetoni nganye yomxube kuye kwehla ngama-97%. Izitshisi ze-NOx eziphantsi, ii-variable-frequency drives kwi-motor nganye, kunye nezongezo zomxube ofudumeleyo ezinciphisa amaqondo obushushu emveliso ukuya kwi-135 °C zonke ziyahlangana. Ingongoma ephambili: ngoku ukhupha isityalo esingaphantsi kweetoni ezingama-200 ngeyure kunokuba umalume wakho wayesebenzisa i-asphalt paver enye.

Ukwenziwa kwedijithali kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambili

Izinzwa eziqhagamshelwe kwilifu zilandelela uxinzelelo lwebhanti, ukungcangcazela kweebheringi, kunye ne-ionization yelangatye lesitshisi. Iimodeli zokufunda ngomatshini zibonisa ukungaqheleki kwiiveki ngaphambi kokuba ibhanti yokufunxa ebandayo iqhawuke ngo-2 kusasa—ndikholelwe, akukho mntu ufuna ukwenza i-splice ngethotshi. Kwiminyaka engama-25 yobomi besityalo, uhlalutyo lokuqikelela lunokonga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-US $1.2 yezigidi ngexesha lokungasebenzi elingacwangciswanga.

Umzekelo we-ROI weHlabathi lokwenyani

Isithili saseMidwestern sitshintshe ukusuka kwi-100% virgin ukuya kwi-40% RAP mix. Ixabiso lokuqala: US $180 k kwikhola entsha yeRAP kunye nescreen. Imbuyekezo: Iinyanga ezili-14 ngenxa yokonga ngonyaka kwe-US $110 k kwi-virgin aggregate kunye ne-bitumen. Ibhonasi: i-modulus yokuqina kwendlela iphucuke nge-8%, kuba i-bitumen egugileyo iyayiqinisa i-mastic. Ayilunganga "kwinkunkuma" njengoko amaphepha amadala e-spec akuxelele ukuba ulahle inkunkuma.

Iingxaki Eziqhelekileyo Nezilungiso Ezikhawulezileyo

• Ukufuma kwi-RAP: Isivalo somphezulu wesitokhwe kwi-3 m, sigqume ngee-tarps, uze uyilayishe ngaphambili xa uphuma kuqala.
• Umsi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Yehlisa ubushushu bokungena kwidrama nge-10°C kwaye ujonge umlinganiselo womoya-kwipetroli kwisitshisi; ngokuqhelekileyo ityebile kakhulu.
• Ukwahlulahlula kwi-silo: Faka i-insert ye-mass-flow cone; ixabisa i-US $5 k, igcina iitoni ezingama-50 zomxube olahliweyo ngenyanga.

Iindlela Eziza Kujongwa Ngexesha Elizayo

Ii-OEM zezityalo zizama izitshisi zehydrogen kunye ne-60% ye-RAP mixes zisebenzisa i-bio-rejuvenators ezivela kwi-pine resin. Ukuba iikhredithi zekhabhoni zihlala zingaphezulu kwe-US $70 ngetoni, lindela ukuba abo baqalayo bafumane kwakhona ii-retrofit kwiminyaka engaphantsi kwemine. Okwangoku, izixhobo zokuxuba i-foam ezifudumalayo eziphinda zifakwe kwisityalo esikhoyo zehla ngaphantsi kwe-US $30 k, oko kuthetha ukuba neepavers ezincinci zinokubhida kwiikhontrakthi "zendlela eluhlaza" xa sele zigcinelwe iinkunzi ezinkulu.