Mhando dzipi dzeMidziyo Inoshandiswa muKuvaka Migwagwa Kukurumidzisa Mapurojekiti?

Ndakambotyaira mota ndichipfuura nenzvimbo yebasa remumugwagwa ndikazvibvunza kuti, " Vanofambisa sei ivhu rakawanda kudaro pazuva rimwe chete? " Mhinduro iri mumichina yakasiyana-siyana zvinoshamisa, imwe neimwe yakagadzirwa nebasa rayo. Muchinyorwa chino tinoparura mhando dzemidziyo inoshandiswa mukuvaka migwagwa , kuti sei makondirakiti achisarudza imwe pane imwe, uye kuti musanganiswa wakakodzera unochengetedza sei purogiramu (nebhajeti) kuti isaenderere mberi.

Magamba Anorema Anofamba Nenyika: Kubva kuScrapers kusvika kuScrapers-Plus

Dura rekutanga rematombo risati raiswa, nzvimbo yacho inofanira kurongedzwa kuti ive chimiro chayo. Vagadziri vemamota vanotonga danho iri, vachichera nzvimbo dzakakwirira uye vachizadza nzvimbo dzakaderera neunyanzvi hunogona kushamisa vanotanga kushanda. Vagadziri vemabhora—mabhora makuru ane mavhiri—vanokweva nekuisa ivhu panzvimbo imwe chete, vachideredza kudiwa kwemarori ekuwedzera. Pamatombo, bulldozer ine ripper inokweva zvidimbu zvakamanikana nekukurumidza kupfuura zvaungataura kuti “hardpan.” Chokwadi chinonakidza: craper imwe chete yemazuva ano inogona kufambisa ivhu zvakakwana kuti izadze dziva reOlympic mumaawa asingasviki maviri, ndosaka vagadziri vemabhora vachipika navo kana purogiramu yaoma.

Zvinosimbisa Ivhu: Varindi Vakanyarara Vehupenyu Hwekufamba Nevhu Renguva Refu

Kana chimiro chayo chanyatsoita zvakanaka, sub-grade inofanira kuramba yakadaro. Tarisa zvinhu zvinosimbisa ivhu, michina inoita kunge rototillers yakakura asi ine hunyanzvi hwepamusoro. Inopwanya zvidimbu zvevhu, inobaya lime kana simende, uye inosiya puratifomu yakasimba sedombo. Kusvetuka danho iri kwakafanana nekuvaka imba pajecha rinoputika; hongu, unogona kuzviita, asi uchazvidemba kekutanga gomba rikaonekwa pendi pamadziro isati yaoma.

Zvishandiso zveAsphalt: Kunyatsoshanda zvakanaka pa160 °C

Vanhu pavanofungidzira kuvakwa kwemigwagwa, vanowanzo fungidzira asphalt paver, hopper yayo ichipenya nemusanganiswa mutema unopfuta. Mapaver emazuva ano anoshandisa sonic sensors kuchengetedza ukobvu hwemat mukati me 1/2 ye inchi, nepo ma screed plates achidedera pa 3,000 rpm kuti abvise mweya. Mugumisiro wacho? Nzvimbo yakatsetseka zvakakwana kuti foto ye Instagram ye asphalt itsva isadzivisike. Zano rekuwedzera: tsvaga ma paver ane ma screeds akasiyana-siyana; anobvumira vashandi kuti vagadzirire panze pane kumira kuti vatsinhane ma plates—nguva yakachengetedzwa yakaenzana nemari yakachengetedzwa.

Michina yeCompaction: Tandem, Pneumatic, uye Intelligent

Asphalt itsva inongofanana nekuwanda kwayo chete. Maroller esimbi-drum akabatana anopa mukana wekutanga we "kupatsanura", achiteverwa nemaroller emagetsi anokanya machira sehupfu. Zvishandiso zvemazuva ano zvine GPS inochengetedza tembiricha uye nhamba dzemapasi munguva chaiyo. Hapana nzvimbo uye system inopenya dzvuku; hapana mimwe mitambo yekufungidzira. Mamwe mawebhusaiti anotoisa maroller e "intelligent compaction" ayo anogadzirisa otomatiki amplitude zvichibva pane zvinobuda, zvichiita kuti huwandu hwenzira huve hwakafanana.

Zvigadziko zveConcrete Slipform: Kana Simba Richikunda Kuchinjika

Migwagwa yepakati penyika nendege inofarira kongiri nekuti inogara kwemakumi emakore. MaSlipform pavers anoburitsa ribhoni rekongiri rinoramba richienderera mberi risina mafomu akagadzika, richitungamirirwa nemasensa elaser. Runako rwekufamba rwunokwikwidzana neasphalt, asi pamusoro payo panoratidza kupisa uye pakamira pamatairi ane tambo. Kana wakambosvika panhandare yendege ukasanzwa kusvika kwairi, tenda imwe yeiyi hombe.

Michina Yokugaya: Kuchinja Yekare Kuita Itsva

Kuvakazve kwakazara kunodhura, saka vanogadzira zvinhu vanowanzo "gadzira nekuzadza." Mapurani anotonhora ane mazino ane muromo wedhaimani anotsenga asphalt yakakanganisika kusvika pakadzika kwakatarwa—kazhinji 1–4 inches—uye anoiendesa mumarori akamirira kuti idzokororwe. Muchina mumwe chete unogona kugadzira mitsetse yemabhuroko kana madhiri emabhiriji ane texture kuti urambe uri nani. Drum rimwe chete rekugaya rinogona kutakura mabhiti anopfuura 300; kuachinjana nenguva uye uchadzivirira hope dzekuti purojekiti ichaputsika panguva yekumhanya.

Vatsigiri: Maroller ane Twist, Light Towers, uye Grunt Work

Kunyange zvazvo vatambi vepamusoro vachiwana mukurumbira, vatambi vakati wandei vasinganyanyi kutaridzika zvakanaka vanochengetedza mutambo uripo. Vagadziri vemigwagwa vanobatanidza magiredha kuti vawedzere mapendekete vasina mafomu ekuwedzera. Vagadziri vema "compact track loaders" vanofambisa mapallet ejira reGeo-synthetic pamusoro pema "sub-bases" ane matope. Mashongwe akareruka, ayo aripo "mabharumu ari padanda," anobvumira vashandi kusvika panguva yakatarwa yekushanda kwehusiku vasingashandure mota dzemuno kuita nzvimbo yekupaka mota. Uye zvakare kune compactor yeplate yakapfava; hongu, idiki, asi edza kuvaka backfill yemadziro isina imwe uye uchaona kuti nei vashandisi vachiibata segoridhe.

Varindi Vezvakatipoteredza: Kuderedza Guruva uye Mafambiro Emagetsi Akasanganiswa

Kumanikidzwa kwemutemo kuri kuchinja hunyanzvi hwemichina. Zvinosungirirwa pakupwanya mvura pamidziyo yekupwanya zvinochengetedza guruva resilica riri pasi pemiganhu yeOSHA, nepo michina yekupwanya yakasanganiswa ichideredza kupisa kwemafuta kusvika ku15%. Mamwe makambani ekuEurope ikozvino anoshandisa michina yekuchera madiki emagetsi ekugadzirisa mukati meguta—hapana utsi hwemupombi, vavakidzani vanofara. Tarisira kuti maitiro aya achakurumidza kupararira muAtlantic; hapana anoda kutsanangurira kanzuru yeguta kuti nei vana vari pedyo nenzvimbo yebasa vachida mishonga yekufemesa.

Kuisa Zvese Pamwe Chete: Kufananidza Muchina Nebasa

Kusarudza michina yakakodzera hakunyanyi kukosha pakushandisa simba remabhiza asi pane zvakawanda nezvekufambisa zvinhu. Mugwagwa mukuru wekumaruwa une vanhu vashoma ungachinjana neasphalt paver nekongiri kana limestone yemuno isingadhuri. Basa remumaguta rehusiku rinogona kubatsira michina midiki yekugaya inogona kutorwa mangwanani asati asvika. Chii chingabatsira? Vakondirakiti vanobudirira havangove nemichina chete—vanoironga sevashandi vepanzvimbo kuDaytona.

Saka nguva inotevera paunotenderera munzvimbo yekuvaka, uchaziva maitiro ari shure kwenyonganyonga. Kubva kumamota anogera ivhu sebanga remugeri kusvika kumarori akangwara anoimba kana huwandu hwacho hwakakodzera, unit yega yega ine basa rayo. Kunzwisisa mhando dzemidziyo inoshandiswa mukuvaka migwagwa hakungogutsi kuda kuziva chete; kunobatsira mainjiniya, vatengesi, uye vanobhadhara mitero kubvunza mibvunzo ine hungwaru—uye, tinotarisira kuti, kusvika pamigwagwa yakapfava nekukurumidza.