Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zemishini Esetshenziswa Ekwakhiweni Kwemigwaqo Ukuze Kusheshiswe Amaphrojekthi?

Wake washayela wadlula endaweni yomsebenzi emgwaqweni omkhulu wazibuza, “ Bakwazi kanjani ukuhambisa uthuli olungaka ngosuku olulodwa? ” Impendulo ilele eqoqweni lemishini ehlukahlukene ngokumangalisayo, ngayinye eyenzelwe umsebenzi othize kakhulu. Kulesi sihloko sichaza izinhlobo zemishini esetshenziswa ekwakheni imigwaqo , ukuthi kungani osonkontileka bekhetha omunye kunomunye, nokuthi ingxube efanele igcina kanjani amashejuli (nesabelomali) ukuthi angahambi eceleni.

Amaqhawe Ashukumisa Umhlaba Anamandla: Kusukela Kuma-Scrapers Kuya Kuma-Scrapers-Plus

Ngaphambi kokuba kubekwe ungqimba lokuqala lwamatshe, indawo kufanele ihlanganiswe ibe sesimweni esihle. Ama-grader ezimoto abusa lesi sigaba, egunda izindawo eziphakeme futhi agcwalise eziphansi ngokunemba okungamangaza abaqhubi bokuqala. Ama-scraper—lezo zitsha ezinkulu ezinamasondo—adonsa futhi abeke inhlabathi endaweni eyodwa, enciphisa isidingo samaloli engeziwe. Emhlabathini onamatshe, i-bulldozer efakwe i-ripper idabula izingqimba ezihlanganisiwe ngokushesha kunokuba ungasho “i-hardpan.” Iqiniso elijabulisayo: i-scraper eyodwa yesimanje ingahambisa umhlaba owanele ukugcwalisa ichibi lama-Olympic ngaphansi kwamahora amabili, yingakho osonkontileka befunga ngabo lapho izinhlelo zincipha.

Izinzisi Zomhlabathi: Abaqaphi Abathule Bokuphila Kwendlela Ende Yokuhamba Ngezinyawo

Uma iphrofayili ibukeka kahle, i-sub-grade isadinga ukuhlala injalo. Bheka iziqinisi zomhlabathi, imishini ebukeka njenge-rototillers ezinkulu kodwa ephethe ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Ziphula ama-clumps, zifake i-lime noma usimende, bese zishiya ipulatifomu eqinile njengedwala. Ukweqa lesi sinyathelo kufana nokwakha indlu esihlabathini esisheshayo; yebo, ungakwenza, kodwa uzozisola okokuqala lapho kuvela imbobo ngaphambi kokuba upende odongeni lokuvikela wome.

Ama-Asphalt Pavers: Ukunemba ku-160 °C

Uma abantu becabanga ngokwakhiwa komgwaqo, bavame ukucabanga nge-asphalt paver, i-hopper yayo ikhanya ngengxube emnyama eshisayo. Ama-paver anamuhla asebenzisa izinzwa ze-sonic ukugcina ubukhulu bomathe bungaphakathi kwe-intshi eyodwa, kuyilapho ama-screed plate enyakaza ngesivinini esingu-3,000 rpm ukuze akhiphe amaphakethe omoya. Umphumela? Ubuso obubushelelezi ngokwanele ukuze uthole isithombe se-Instagram esingenakugwenywa se-asphalt entsha. Icebiso elibalulekile: funa ama-paver ane-screeds enobubanzi obuhlukahlukene; avumela abasebenzi ukuthi bazivumelanise ngokushesha esikhundleni sokuma ukuze bashintshe ama-plate—isikhathi esilondoloziwe silingana nemali elondoloziwe.

Imishini Yokucindezela: I-Tandem, i-Pneumatic, kanye ne-Intelligent

I-asphalt entsha ilingana nobuningi bayo kuphela. Ama-roller ensimbi ahambisanayo ahlinzeka nge-pass "yokuqhekeka" kokuqala, kulandelwe ama-roller amathayi aphefumulayo axova umata njengenhlama. Amayunithi esimanje ane-GPS ebhodini eqopha izinga lokushisa kanye nokubalwa kwama-pass ngesikhathi sangempela. Ayitholakali indawo bese uhlelo lukhanya ngokubomvu; akusekho imidlalo yokuqagela. Amanye amasayithi aze asebenzise ama-roller "ahlakaniphile okucindezela" alungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ubukhulu ngokusekelwe kumpendulo, aqinisekise ubuningi obufanayo kulo lonke ububanzi bomzila.

Ama-Slipform Pavers ekhonkrithi: Lapho Amandla Enqoba Ukuguquguquka

Imigwaqo yamatekisi ephakathi kwezifundazwe kanye neyesikhumulo sezindiza ithanda ukhonkolo ngoba uhlala amashumi eminyaka. Ama-slipform pavers akhipha iribhoni eqhubekayo yekhonkolo ngaphandle kwezinhlobo eziqinile, eqondiswa izinzwa ze-laser. Ikhwalithi yokugibela iphikisana ne-asphalt, kodwa ubuso bubonisa ukushisa futhi bumelana namathayi agcwele. Uma uke wafika endaweni yokugijima futhi wazizwa ungakhululekile ukuthinta, bonga enye yalezi ziqhwaga.

Imishini Yokugaya: Ukuguqula Okudala Kube Okusha

Ukwakhiwa kabusha okujulile kuyabiza, ngakho-ke osonkontileka bavame "ukugaya nokugcwalisa." Ama-planer abandayo anamazinyo anjengedayimane ahlafuna i-asphalt ecindezelekile kuze kube yilapho ijule kakade—ngokuvamile i-1–4 inches.—bese beyihambisa emalolini alindile ukuze isetshenziswe kabusha. Umshini ofanayo ungakha imichilo yokuguguleka noma ama-deck ebhuloho lokuthungwa ukuze kuvinjwe kangcono ukuskiya. Isigubhu esisodwa sokugaya singathwala ama-bits angaphezu kuka-300; siwashintshe ngesikhathi esibekiwe futhi uzogwema iphupho elibi lokuwohloka kwephrojekthi phakathi nesikhathi sokujaha.

Abalingisi Abasekelayo: Ama-Roller ane-Twist, ama-Light Towers, kanye nomsebenzi we-Grunt

Nakuba abadlali abaphambili bethola udumo, abadlali abaningana abangaphansi kwe-radar bagcina umbukiso usendleleni. Abanwebi bemigwaqo banamathela kuma-grader ukuze banwebe amahlombe ngaphandle kokwenza umsebenzi owengeziwe. Ama-compact track loaders ahambisa ama-pallet endwangu yokwenziwa kwe-Geo phezu kwezisekelo ezinodaka. Imibhoshongo elula, leyo "bhaluni enduku" etholakala yonke indawo, ivumela abasebenzi ukuthi bafike ngesikhathi sokushintshana ebusuku ngaphandle kokuguqula ithrafikhi yendawo ibe yindawo yokupaka. Bese kuba ne-plate compactor ethobekile; yebo, incane, kodwa zama ukwakha i-backfill yodonga olugcinayo ngaphandle kwayo futhi uzobona ukuthi kungani abaqhubi beyiphatha njengegolide.

Abaqaphi Bemvelo: Ukunciphisa Uthuli kanye Nokushayela Okuhlanganisiwe

Ingcindezi elawulayo ishintsha indlela okhetha ngayo imishini. Izinamathiselo zokufafaza ngamanzi kuma-crusher zigcina uthuli lwe-silica lungaphansi kwemingcele ye-OSHA, kuyilapho ama-hybrid pavers enciphisa ukushiswa kukaphethiloli ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-15%. Ezinye izinkampani zaseYurophu manje zisebenzisa ama-mini-gravator kagesi omsebenzi wokulungisa idolobha—akukho ukukhishwa kwegesi emapayipini, omakhelwane abajabule kakhulu. Lindela ukuthi lezi zitayela zizongena e-Atlantic maduze; akekho ofuna ukuchazela umkhandlu wedolobha ukuthi kungani izingane eziseduze nendawo yomsebenzi zidinga ama-inhaler.

Ukuhlanganisa Konke: Ukuqondanisa Umshini Nomsebenzi

Ukukhetha ingxube efanele yemishini akudingi amandla ehhashi kodwa kudinga izinto eziningi zokuthutha. Umgwaqo omkhulu wasemakhaya onezimoto ezincane ungase ushintshe i-asphalt paver nge-concrete uma i-limestone yendawo ishibhile. Umsebenzi wasebusuku wasedolobheni ungase uthande imishini yokugaya emincane engadonswa ngaphambi kokufika ekuseni. Yini okufanele uyifunde? Abakhiqizi abaphumelelayo abagcini nje ngokuba nemishini—bayihlela njengeqembu laseDaytona.

Ngakho-ke ngesikhathi esizayo lapho uzulazula endaweni yokwakha, uzokwazi ukuthi i-choreography ingemuva kwesiphithiphithi. Kusukela kuma-motor graders agunda umhlaba njenge-blade yokugunda izinwele kuya kuma-roller ahlakaniphile acula lapho ubukhulu bufanele, iyunithi ngayinye idlala indima. Ukuqonda izinhlobo zemishini esetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwemigwaqo akwanelisi nje kuphela ilukuluku; kusiza onjiniyela, abaphakeli, kanye nabakhokhi bentela ukubuza imibuzo ehlakaniphile—futhi, ngethemba, ukufinyelela imigwaqo ebushelelezi ngokushesha.