Ndi Mitundu Iti ya Zipangizo Zomangira Misewu Zomwe Zimathandizira Kuthamanga kwa Ntchito ndi Kuchepetsa Ndalama?

Kodi mudadzifunsapo kuti nchifukwa chiyani ntchito zomanga misewu zimachedwa ngakhale kuti zinthu zili bwino?

Ngati mudutsa ntchito yoyendetsa galimoto pamsewu waukulu ndikuona makina ambiri achikasu atakhala chete, mwina mungadzifunse kuti, “Ndi mitundu yonseyi ya zida zomangira misewu, bwanji palibe chomwe chikuyenda mwachangu?” Yankho si mphamvu ya akavalo; ndi kudziwa chida chogwiritsa ntchito, nthawi yake, komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito. Pansipa tikuwonetsa magulu onse akuluakulu a zida zomangira misewu, zomwe zimagwira ntchito, komanso njira zobisika zomwe zimasungira—kapena kuwononga—ndalama.

Gulu Lachitatu Loyenda ndi Dziko Lapansi: Ma Bulldozer, Ma Scrapers, ndi Galasi la Magalimoto Losayesedwa Bwino

Ma Bulldozer amayambitsa zinthu mwa kung'amba ndi kukankhira dothi lapamwamba. Pa ntchito zambiri za ku North America amasuntha 90–120 m³ pa ola limodzi, koma chiwerengero cha matankiwo ngati woyendetsa galimotoyo aiwala kupotoza tsamba kuti apeze dothi lomata. Kenako, ma scrapers amadzikweza okha ndikunyamula zinthuzo pa mtunda wa makilomita awiri—chilichonse chakutali ndipo magalimoto otayira katundu amaba chiwonetsero. Kavalo wakuda apa ndiye galimoto yokonza magalimoto. Mapepala apadera amadzitamandira ndi mphamvu ya 200 hp, komabe mtengo wake weniweni ndi wolondola wotsogozedwa ndi laser womwe umasunga kulekerera kwa sub-grade komaliza mkati mwa 10 mm. Musaphonye spec imeneyo ndipo mudzatsanulira phula lowonjezera la 50 mm kuti "mulithetse." Ndalamazo ndi pafupifupi $13 k pa kilomita imodzi, ouch!

Zipangizo Zokoka: Sheepsfoot, Pneumatic, kapena Smooth Drum—Ndani Amapambana?

Pambuyo poti makina osuntha nthaka achoka, kukanikizana kumasankha ngati msewu wanu utenga zaka khumi kapena makumi awiri. Ma Sheepsfoot roller amakanda dongo lodzaza ndi chinyezi, ndikufinya mpweya pansi pa 12%. Maziko a granular amadana ndi ziboda zimenezo; amafunikira makina opindika opindika owonjezera mphamvu a ma roller opangidwa ndi mpweya (otopa ndi rabara). Pakadali pano, ma compactors osalala ogwedera a drum amamaliza maziko apamwamba a 150 mm ndi pafupipafupi pafupifupi 28–32 Hz—okwera mokwanira kuti agwedeze mawindo apafupi, otsika mokwanira kuti apewe kusweka kwa miyala. Sinthanitsani ma roller aliwonse awa ndipo mudzakhala ndi kupsinjika pang'ono kapena kupitirira muyeso, zonse ziwiri zimapangitsa kuti musweke msanga.

Kupera, Kukonza Miyala, ndi Moyo Wachinsinsi wa Zokongoletsa

Asphalt yatsopano isanawonekere, ma planer ozizira amatafuna pamwamba pa phula mpaka 100 m pamphindi. Ogwiritsa ntchito amatcha "kugaya," ndipo mtunda wa ng'oma umatsimikiza ngati musiya kapangidwe kabwino kapena chisokonezo cha bolodi losambira. Kenako screed ya paver imagunda mphasa yatsopanoyo pa makulidwe a chandamale. Ma paver amakono amagwiritsa ntchito masensa a sonic kuti asunge kusiyana kwa makulidwe pansi pa 3 mm—kochepa, koma milimita iliyonse ndi yofanana ndi 12 kg ya kusakaniza pa mita imodzi ya sikweya. Pa ntchito ya makilomita khumi, ya njira ziwiri, cholakwika cha 3 mm chimachulukirachulukira kukhala 240 t ya asphalt, pafupifupi $18 k ya zinthu. Inde, screed ndi nkhani yaikulu.

Othandizira Omwe Amapulumutsa Tsiku: Ma Wheel Loaders, Compactors, ndi Light Towers

Zipangizo zonyamulira mawilo zimasunga mafuta okwana 1.150 ndikudyetsa fakitale ya phula; chidebe cha mamita atatu chimatha kuyendetsa galimoto nthawi 140 pa ola limodzi pamene bwalo lili losalala. Onjezani chozungulira chozungulira m'mphepete mwa stock ndipo mudzachepetsa kutsetsereka kwa tayala la loader ndi 8%, ndikusunga pafupifupi malita 12 a dizilo pa shift iliyonse. Musaiwale ma towers owala kwambiri omwe amagwira ntchito usiku; Ma LED amamwa malita 0.6 pa ola limodzi poyerekeza ndi malita 2.2 a mababu akale a metal-halide. Pa projekiti ya mwezi umodzi yomwe imasinthasintha yokha imasunga malita 1,150 a mafuta—osati owononga dziko lapansi, koma okwanira kulipira laputopu yatsopano, eti?

Momwe Mungasankhire Gulu Loyenera la Magalimoto Opanda Kuwononga Ndalama

Yambani ndi lipoti la dothi la malo: dongo lopangidwa ndi pulasitiki wambiri limafanana ndi sheepsfoot komanso magalimoto otayira zinyalala a tani 50. Sandy loam? Sinthanitsani ma compactors osalala a ng'oma ndi magalimoto a tani 30. Kenako, lembani mtunda wonyamula katundu; ma scrapers amalamulira pansi pa 2 km, magalimoto amapambana kupitirira pamenepo. Pomaliza, yang'anani magawo am'deralo otulutsa mpweya. Dozer yomaliza ya Tier-4 imayatsa mafuta ochepera 7% kuposa Tier-3, ndikuchepetsa pafupifupi tani 2 za CO₂ pa maola 1,000 a makina. Makasitomala amakonda ziwerengero zimenezo akamatsata ma credits a LEED.

Nthano Zofala Zomwe Zimachotsa Chikwama Chanu

Bodza #1: “Mapavulo akuluakulu nthawi zonse amakhala ndi matani ambiri.” Zoona: Pavuloli wa kalasi ya mamita 10 amatha kuyika matani 600 pa ola limodzi, koma ngati chomera chanu chimapanga matani 200 okha, chimphonacho chimangopuma—ndipo chimayaka malita 25 a dizilo pa ola limodzi lopanda ntchito. Bodza #2: “Mutha kusiya kugaya ngati mukungowonjezera 40 mm ya pamwamba.” Zoona: ming'alu yowunikira imawonekera pakatha miyezi 18, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikonzedwenso. Kugwiritsa ntchito $1.20 pa mita imodzi imodzi popangira kugaya poyamba kumapulumutsa $7.50 posintha msanga. Bodza #3: “Ma roller achitsulo safuna madzi pa chisakanizo chotentha.” Amatero; popanda phula amamatira, kukoka, ndikusiya mizere yomwe pambuyo pake imakhala mabowo.

Mndandanda Wofufuza Mwachangu Musanasayine Mgwirizano Wobwereka

• Kodi chozunguliracho chili ndi mulifupi wa ng'oma wa mita imodzi? (inde, galamala, ndiko kulakwitsa kwathu kofuna kumveka ngati anthu)
• Kodi paver ili ndi sensa ya sonic auger?
• Kodi planer yozizira ikhoza kusinthana ndi ng'oma za 1.2 m ndi 2 m pasanathe maola awiri?
• Kodi nsanja zowunikira zimakwaniritsa nthawi yoletsa phokoso (<55 dB pa 50 m)?

Chongani mabokosi amenewo ndipo mudzapewa zonena zofala kwambiri zomwe zimawononga bajeti ndi 15%.

Ndiye Kodi Phindu Lenileni Lodziwa Zipangizo Zanu Zamsewu Ndi Lotani?

Kumvetsetsa mitundu yoyenera ya zida zomangira misewu si nkhani yachilendo kwa akatswiri a makina; ndi eni ake a lever omwe amafulumira kwambiri kumaliza ntchito msanga, kupeza ma bonasi, ndikusunga magalimoto osangalala. Sankhani roller yoyenera, fotokozani kukula koyenera kwa screed, ndikukonza nthawi yopangira kugaya musanapange paving, ndipo mutha kuchepetsa mosavuta 7-10% kuchotsera pa nthawi ndi zinthu zina. Mu projekiti ya $5 miliyoni, ndalamazo ndi $350–500 k zomwe zatsala mu chikwama chanu—zokwanira kulipira ntchito yanu yotsatira musanamalize kupereka ndalama kwa omwe akupikisana nawo. Sikuti ndi yonyansa kwambiri, eti?