Ishisa Kangakanani I-Asphalt Esitshaloni Futhi Kungani Abasebenzi Bokugandaya Kufanele Bakhathalele?

Ngakho-ke, Ishisa Kangakanani I-Asphalt Ephuma Esitshalweni?

Uma wake wema ngaphakathi kwamamitha amathathu ukusuka elolini elisanda kufakwa, usuvele uyayazi impendulo emathanjeni akho: ukushisa . Kodwa "ukushisa" akuyona into ongayibeka ethikithi. Izinombolo zibalulekile. I-asphalt ejwayelekile yokuxuba okushisayo (i-HMA) ishiya umshini wokuxuba izigubhu ku280–330 °F (138–166 °C) . Lelo fasitela alikho ngokungahleliwe; yindawo enhle lapho i-binder iqine ngokwanele ukumboza itshe ngalinye kodwa imanzi ngokwanele ukugcina ingxube isebenza kahle ekudonsweni, ekubekweni phansi, nasekuqineni. Yehla ngaphansi kuka-260 °F bese ubeka engcupheni ingxube ethambile; khuphuka ngaphezu kuka-340 °F bese i-asphalt ewuketshezi iqala ukubola ngokushesha—umgwaqo wakho omusha uhlala iminyaka ngemizuzu.

Yini Elawula Ukushisa Okuphumayo?

Ama-lever amathathu anquma ukufundwa kwethikithi leloli: umswakama ohlanganisiwe, izinga le-binder, kanye nesikhathi sokugcina i-silo . Itshe elimanzi lisebenza njengesiponji, lintshontsha ama-BTU elangeni lesishisi. Umqhubi wesitshalo eNorth Carolina wake wangitshela, “Umswakama ngamunye wephesenti elilodwa usibiza ama-14 °F esangweni.” Okwamanje, i-PG 76-22 polymer-modified binder idinga ukushisa okwengeziwe ukuze igeleze, kodwa awukwazi nje ukugoqa isishisi ngoba irabha eshisiwe kakhulu ingahlukana. Ekugcineni, ingxube ayikwazi ukuhlala esilo isikhathi eside kakhulu; ngemva kwamahora amane yehla cishe ama-5 °F ngehora ngisho nasezitsheni ezivikelwe. Hlanganisa lezi ziguquguquko ndawonye futhi uzobona ukuthi kungani ilabhorethri yesitshalo igcina i-thermometer ye-laser iqondiswe ebhandeni njengokungathi iyindawo yokuqalisa isikhala.

Kungani Ukugibela Iloli Kungapholisi Ingxube Ngokushesha Njengoba Ucabanga

Abashayeli bafunga ukuthi umthwalo “ulahlekelwa ama-degree angu-50 ngokushayela imizuzu engamashumi amabili,” kodwa ama-probe e-thermocouple abonisa indaba ehlukile. Ukulahlekelwa ukushisa kulawulwa indawo engaphezulu, hhayi ivolumu . I-dump engamathani angu-22 ebunjwe njengesinkwa sesinkwa ino-8% kuphela wobunzima bayo obuvezwe emoyeni. Imibhede nama-tarpaulin afakwe ugesi anciphisa ukulahleka kwemisebe ngo-30%. Idatha yangempela evela ku-FHWA's Mobile Asphalt Pavement Monitor (MAPM) ikhombisa ukwehla okumaphakathi kuka -7–12 °F emizuzwini yokuqala engu-30 — kusengaphakathi kwemingcele ye-DOTs eziningi zesifundazwe. Yini okufanele uyenze? Ungasoli ibanga lokuthutha ngamajoyinti abandayo; sola ukuziphatha okubi kwe-tarp noma ukudluliselwa okungamboziwe.

Izindleko Ezifihliwe Zokugijima Zipholile Kakhulu

Uma izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ngaphansi kuka-275°F, osonkontileka babhekana nochungechunge lwezinkinga ezinkulu:

• Ukuqina kwamalunga okunciphile — imiphetho ebandayo ayiluki, okuvumela amanzi ukuthi angene ngaphansi komata.
• Izikhathi ezimfushane zokugingqa — mhlawumbe uneziphasi eziyisithupha ngaphambi kokuba ingxube yehle ngaphansi kuka-175 °F, okungenani ukuze kube nokuqiniswa okuphumelelayo.
• Ukuqhekeka kwesikhathi esizayo — ukwehla ngakunye okungu-1% kwezikhala zomoya ezingaphezu kuka-8% kunganciphisa impilo yokukhathala ngesigamu, ngokusho kocwaningo lwe-NCAT.

NgesiNgisi esilula, "ukonga uphethiloli" esitshalweni kungabiza ngokuphindwe kayishumi ekulungisweni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ucwaningo olulodwa lwe-DOT lubeke intengo yokuhlukanisa amazinga okushisa aphansi ku-$2.8 million ngemayela ngalinye lomzila esikhathini seminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu.

Indlela Yokugcina Ukushisa Lapho Ukudinga Khona

Ngenhlanhla, awubambeki uphambanisa iminwe yakho. Nazi amaqhinga amane avivinywe ensimini:

1. Amakhamera Okushisa E-Paver

Faka i-FLIR A700 ngaphezu kwe-auger futhi uzobona imibala ekhanyayo ngesikhathi sangempela. Umehluko ongu-20 °F ngaphesheya kwe-screed uyisibonakaliso esibomvu sokuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwenzeka phambi kwamehlo akho. Abasebenzi bangakwazi ukulungisa ukuvuleka kwamasango noma bahlanganise kabusha ngokushesha esikhundleni sokukuthola kamuva.

2. Izithasiselo Ezixutshwe Ngokufudumele Akuzona Nje Izinto Eziluhlaza

Ama-surfactant aqhakaza nge-asphalt njenge-Sasobit ehlisa izinga lokusebenza ngo-30–40 °F ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukuqina. Lokho kusho ukuthi ungadonsa ibanga elide noma uqambe nge-50 °F izinsuku ngenkathi usafinyelela ubuningi. Ibhonasi: intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka encane esitshalweni, igcina omakhelwane (nabalawuli) bejabule.

3. Imibhede Yamaloli Ashisayo—Yebo, Iyazikhokhela

Igridi yepropane ngaphansi kombhede yengeza amakhilogremu angu-18 esisindweni se-tare kodwa igcina umthwalo ungaphezu kwama-290 °F imizuzu engu-45 eyengeziwe. Ku-$0.40 nge-therm, lokho kungaphansi kwama-$4 ngeloli ngalinye ukuthenga isigamu sehora esengeziwe sokuqina. Emsebenzini wasebusuku wasedolobheni ongamathani ayi-10,000, izibalo zilingana cishe nama-$0.12 ngethani — okushibhile kune-patch ye-do-over eyodwa.

4. Ukwabelana Ngedatha Yesikhathi Sangempela

Izitshalo zanamuhla zingadlulisela ukufundwa kwezinga lokushisa ngqo kuhlelo lokusebenza olwabiwe ngumphathi wokulawula ikhwalithi, umqhubi we-paver, kanye nomphathi we-roller. Lapho izinga lokushisa elihlanganisiwe lehla ngaphansi kwe-spec, izaziso zokucindezela zibangela ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kobuningi. Isifunda esisodwa saseWisconsin sinciphise iphesenti laso lokugaya kabusha kusuka ku-4.2% kuya ku-0.9% ngesizini eyodwa sisebenzisa lo msebenzi.

Kodwa Ingabe i-Hotter Mix Ayisho Ukukhishelwa Okukhulu Kwegesi?

Kungumbuzo ofanele. Imodeli ye-EPA ye-AP-42 ikhombisa ukuthi ukuphakama ngakunye kwe-10 °F kukhipha cishe i-CO₂ engu-2% ngaphezulu esitokisini. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlaziywa komjikelezo wokuphila kwemboni kwembula ukuthi ubuningi obungcono endaweni kunciphisa lokho kukhishwa ngokwandisa impilo yokuhamba ngezinyawo. Ngamafuphi, ukukhuphuka okungu-3% ku-CO₂ yesitshalo kungavimbela umjikelezo wokuphinda uvele ngo-30% kamuva. I-Net-net, i-carbon ledger ayilungile—ayigayi, ayihuduli, futhi ayifudumezi kakhulu eminyakeni eminingi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe bokuxubana okufudumele bunganciphisa izinga lokushisa lokushisa ngo-35 °F ngenkathi kulondolozwa ukugeleza, kunciphise i-NOx kanye ne-CO ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Uhlu Lokuhlola Olusheshayo Lwababhali Be-Spec

Uma ubuyekeza imininingwane ye-DOT, cabanga ngalezi zinhlamvu:

• Kudingeka iphrofayili yokushisa ye-infrared eqhubekayo ku-paver mat.
• Setha izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokulethwa elingu-275 °F ngezingxube ezingu-9.5 mm, 285 °F ngesisekelo esingu-19 mm.
• Vumela ingxube efudumele yehle iye ku-240 °F uma ubuningi buqinisekiswa ngama-cores ku-96% max theory.
• Isitoreji se-cap silo emahoreni amathathu ngaphandle kokuthi kusetshenziswe i-inert-gas blanket.

Futhi, akekho umuntu onesikhathi sokuhamba ngezinyawo ezibandayo lapho izimoto zimi emgqeni wamamayela amaningi.

Umugqa Ophansi

Ukwazi ukuthi i-asphalt ishisa kangakanani emshinini akuyona into encane—yi-core evimbela ubuningi, ikhwalithi yokugibela, futhi, ekugcineni, inani labakhokhi bentela. Cacisa izinga lokushisa elifanele, livikele njengehawu ngesikhathi sokuthutha, futhi indlela yakho izohlala isikhathi eside kunezombusazwe ezixhase ngayo.